Vocabulary bank
High-value collocations, book vocabulary and lazy-list practice collected into one polished study hub.
Lazy list
Travel and transport phrases with hands-free review flow.
Task 2 collocations
Important academic collocations grouped by topic.
Destination B1
Structured B1 vocabulary for grammar and exam readiness.
Destination B2
Higher-level vocabulary bank for stronger responses.
4000 Essential Words
Core word-building bank for long-term vocabulary growth.
The most important collocations for Writing Task 2
Choose a topic.
Topic_1. Travel and transport
Topic_2. Hobbies, sport and games
Topic_3. Science and technology
Topic_4. The media
Topic_5. People and society
Topic_6. The law and crime
Topic_7. Health and fitness
Topic_8. Food and drink
Topic_9. Education and learning
Topic_10. Weather and the environment
Topic_11. Money and shopping
Topic_12. Entertainment
Topic_13. Fashion and design
Topic_14. Work and business
Travel and Transport
16 ta High-band Verb + Noun Collocations
reduce traffic congestion
(tirbandlikni kamaytirmoq)
ease traffic flow
(yo‘l harakatini yengillashtirmoq)
improve public transport
(jamoat transportini yaxshilamoq)
expand transport infrastructure
(transport infratuzilmasini kengaytirmoq)
cut travel time
(yo‘lda ketadigan vaqtni qisqartirmoq)
encourage sustainable travel
(barqaror / ekologik sayohatni rag‘batlantirmoq)
rely on private vehicles
(shaxsiy mashinalarga tayanmoq)
increase fuel consumption
(yoqilg‘i sarfini oshirmoq)
lower carbon emissions
(uglerod chiqindilarini kamaytirmoq)
promote eco-friendly transport
(ekologik transportni targ‘ib qilmoq)
invest in transport systems
(transport tizimlariga sarmoya kiritmoq)
face transport delays
(transport kechikishlariga duch kelmoq)
cause environmental damage
(atrof-muhitga zarar yetkazmoq)
provide efficient transport
(samarali transport ta’minlamoq)
adopt alternative transport
(muqobil transport turlarini joriy etmoq)
address transport problems
(transport muammolarini hal qilmoq)
Usage
Argument + Support + Example format
1. reduce traffic congestion
Meaning: to make traffic jams less serious
Usage: Governments should take action to reduce traffic congestion in large cities. Heavy traffic wastes time, increases stress, and lowers overall productivity. For example, improving public transport can significantly reduce traffic congestion during rush hours.
2. ease traffic flow
Meaning: to make vehicles move more smoothly on roads
Usage: Better road planning can ease traffic flow in urban areas. When traffic moves smoothly, commuting becomes faster and safer. For example, building additional lanes can ease traffic flow in city centres.
3. improve public transport
Meaning: to make public transportation better and more reliable
Usage: Authorities must improve public transport to solve urban transport problems. Reliable buses and trains encourage people to stop using private cars. For example, modern metro systems can improve public transport significantly.
4. expand transport infrastructure
Meaning: to increase roads, railways, and transport facilities
Usage: Cities need to expand transport infrastructure to meet growing demand. Old roads and railways are often unable to handle increasing populations. For example, expanding metro lines can expand transport infrastructure effectively.
5. cut travel time
Meaning: to reduce the amount of time spent travelling
Usage: Efficient transport systems help cut travel time for commuters. Shorter journeys improve work-life balance and productivity. For example, high-speed trains can cut travel time between major cities.
6. encourage sustainable travel
Meaning: to promote environmentally friendly ways of travelling
Usage: Governments should encourage sustainable travel to protect the environment. Eco-friendly transport reduces pollution and energy consumption. For example, building cycle lanes can encourage sustainable travel.
7. rely on private vehicles
Meaning: to depend on personal cars instead of public transport
Usage: Many people rely on private vehicles because public transport is unreliable. This increases traffic congestion and pollution. For example, residents in poorly planned cities often rely on private vehicles.
8. increase fuel consumption
Meaning: to use more fuel than before
Usage: Heavy traffic can increase fuel consumption in urban areas. Cars stuck in traffic burn fuel unnecessarily. For example, traffic jams significantly increase fuel consumption during peak hours.
9. lower carbon emissions
Meaning: to reduce harmful gases released into the air
Usage: Using public transport can lower carbon emissions. Transport is a major cause of air pollution. For example, replacing cars with buses helps lower carbon emissions.
10. promote eco-friendly transport
Meaning: to support environmentally friendly transport options
Usage: Governments should promote eco-friendly transport to improve air quality. Such transport methods reduce pollution and health risks. For example, electric buses promote eco-friendly transport in cities.
11. invest in transport systems
Meaning: to spend money on transport development
Usage: Governments need to invest in transport systems to support economic growth. Efficient transport improves mobility and access to jobs. For example, many countries invest in transport systems such as rail networks.
12. face transport delays
Meaning: to experience lateness in transportation
Usage: Commuters often face transport delays in crowded cities. Delays cause stress and reduce productivity. For example, workers frequently face transport delays during rush hours.
13. cause environmental damage
Meaning: to harm the natural environment
Usage: Excessive traffic can cause environmental damage. Air and noise pollution negatively affect public health. For example, heavy car use can cause environmental damage in cities.
14. provide efficient transport
Meaning: to offer fast and reliable transportation
Usage: Cities should provide efficient transport for residents. Efficient systems save time and reduce stress. For example, modern metro networks provide efficient transport for millions of people.
15. adopt alternative transport
Meaning: to start using different transport methods
Usage: People should adopt alternative transport to reduce pollution. Walking and cycling are healthier options. For example, many Europeans adopt alternative transport such as bicycles.
16. address transport problems
Meaning: to deal with and solve transport issues
Usage: Governments must address transport problems using long-term solutions. Temporary measures are often ineffective. For example, urban planning helps address transport problems successfully.
Unit 1 Test -- Travel and Transport
3 exercises • 10 questions each
Exercise 1: Gap Fill (10 ta)
To‘g‘ri verb + noun collocationni yozib gapni to‘ldiring.
- Governments should traffic congestion in major cities.
- Many commuters private vehicles because buses are unreliable.
- New highways can travel time significantly.
- Heavy traffic tends to fuel consumption.
- Authorities should public transport to reduce pollution.
- Electric cars help carbon emissions.
- Cities must transport infrastructure to meet demand.
- Poor planning can environmental damage.
- Many workers transport delays during rush hours.
- Cycling lanes help traffic flow.
Exercise 2: Matching (10 ta)
A (Verb) va B (Nouns) ni moslang.
- reduce
- improve
- lower
- cut
- rely on
- increase
- promote
- adopt
- address
- invest in
Exercise 3: Wrong Collocation
Har bir savolda BITTA noto‘g‘ri collocation bor. Noto‘g‘ri variantni toping.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Test Results
Hobbies, Sport and Games
16 ta Verb + Noun Collocations
take up a hobby
-- hobbi boshlamoq
play a sport
-- sport turi bilan shug‘ullanmoq
do physical activity
-- jismoniy faoliyat bilan shug‘ullanmoq
improve physical fitness
-- jismoniy holatni yaxshilamoq
spend free time
-- bo‘sh vaqtni sarflamoq
develop skills
-- ko‘nikmalarni rivojlantirmoq
join a club
-- klubga a’zo bo‘lmoq
take part in competitions
-- musobaqalarda qatnashmoq
practice regularly
-- muntazam mashq qilmoq
build endurance
-- chidamlilikni oshirmoq
stay physically active
-- jismonan faol bo‘lib qolmoq
enjoy leisure activities
-- hordiq faoliyatlaridan zavqlanmoq
relieve stress
-- stressni kamaytirmoq
maintain a healthy lifestyle
-- sog‘lom turmush tarzini saqlamoq
improve mental health
-- ruhiy salomatlikni yaxshilamoq
boost self-confidence
-- o‘ziga bo‘lgan ishonchni oshirmoq
Usage
Argument + Support + Example format
1. take up a hobby
Meaning: to start doing a hobby in your free time
Usage: People should take up a hobby to use their free time productively. Hobbies help individuals relax and develop personal interests. For example, many young people take up a hobby such as photography or painting to escape daily stress.
2. play a sport
Meaning: to take part in a sport activity
Usage: Young people should play a sport to stay healthy and active. Sports improve physical fitness and teach teamwork. For example, many students play a sport like football to stay fit.
3. do physical activity
Meaning: to exercise or move the body regularly
Usage: Everyone should do physical activity to maintain good health. Physical movement reduces health risks and improves energy levels. For example, walking daily helps people do physical activity without special equipment.
4. improve physical fitness
Meaning: to make the body stronger and healthier
Usage: Regular exercise helps improve physical fitness. A fit body reduces the risk of serious illnesses. For example, gym training can improve physical fitness over time.
5. spend free time
Meaning: to use free time in a particular way
Usage: People should spend free time doing meaningful activities. Productive leisure improves life satisfaction. For example, teenagers often spend free time playing sports or reading books.
6. develop skills
Meaning: to improve abilities through practice
Usage: Hobbies allow individuals to develop skills outside work or school. These skills can be useful in future careers. For example, learning chess helps students develop skills such as problem-solving.
7. join a club
Meaning: to become a member of a group or organisation
Usage: Students should join a club to socialise and share interests. Clubs encourage teamwork and communication. For example, many learners join a club to meet people with similar hobbies.
8. take part in competitions
Meaning: to participate in contests or matches
Usage: Young people should take part in competitions to gain experience. Competitions build discipline and confidence. For example, athletes often take part in competitions to test their abilities.
9. practice regularly
Meaning: to train or exercise often
Usage: People must practice regularly to improve performance. Without regular practice, progress is slow. For example, musicians practice regularly to improve their skills.
10. build endurance
Meaning: to increase the ability to continue physical activity
Usage: Sports help build endurance over time. Strong endurance improves overall health. For example, long-distance running helps athletes build endurance.
11. stay physically active
Meaning: to keep moving and exercising
Usage: Older adults should stay physically active to remain healthy. Physical activity reduces age-related problems. For example, swimming helps seniors stay physically active.
12. enjoy leisure activities
Meaning: to have fun during free time
Usage: People should enjoy leisure activities to balance work and rest. Relaxation is essential for mental health. For example, families enjoy leisure activities like picnics on weekends.
13. relieve stress
Meaning: to reduce mental pressure
Usage: Hobbies help relieve stress after a busy day. Stress reduction improves mental well-being. For example, listening to music can relieve stress effectively.
14. maintain a healthy lifestyle
Meaning: to live in a way that keeps the body healthy
Usage: People should maintain a healthy lifestyle through hobbies and exercise. A healthy lifestyle prevents many diseases. For example, playing sports helps individuals maintain a healthy lifestyle.
15. improve mental health
Meaning: to make psychological well-being better
Usage: Engaging in hobbies can improve mental health. Mental balance is as important as physical health. For example, creative activities help improve mental health among young people.
16. boost self-confidence
Meaning: to increase belief in one’s abilities
Usage: Sports and hobbies can boost self-confidence. Achieving goals builds self-belief. For example, winning a match can boost self-confidence in teenagers.
Unit 2 Test -- Hobbies, Sport and Games
3 exercises • 10 questions each
Exercise 1: Gap Fill (10 ta)
To‘g‘ri verb + noun collocation bilan gaplarni to‘ldiring.
- Many teenagers decide to a hobby to relax after school.
- Playing basketball helps people physical fitness.
- Doctors recommend that adults physical activity regularly.
- Most students free time on social media.
- Group activities help young people skills such as teamwork.
- Professional athletes must regularly to succeed.
- People often a club to make new friends.
- Long-distance running helps endurance.
- Exercise is an effective way to stress.
- Sports activities can self-confidence.
Exercise 2: Matching (10 ta)
A va B ustunlarini to‘g‘ri juftlang.
- boost
- take up
- relieve
- improve
- join
- develop
- build
- play
- do
- take part in
Exercise 3: Wrong Collocation
Har bir savolda BITTA noto‘g‘ri collocation bor. Noto‘g‘ri variantni toping.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Test Results
Science and Technology
16 ta Verb + Noun Collocations
develop new technology
-- yangi texnologiyani rivojlantirmoq
make scientific discoveries
-- ilmiy kashfiyotlar qilmoq
conduct research
-- tadqiqot olib bormoq
carry out experiments
-- tajribalar o‘tkazmoq
solve complex problems
-- murakkab muammolarni hal qilmoq
collect data
-- ma’lumot to‘plamoq
analyze information
-- axborotni tahlil qilmoq
improve efficiency
-- samaradorlikni oshirmoq
use advanced technology
-- ilg‘or texnologiyadan foydalanmoq
store information
-- ma’lumotni saqlamoq
process information
-- axborotni qayta ishlamoq
develop software
-- dasturiy ta’minot yaratmoq
apply scientific knowledge
-- ilmiy bilimlarni qo‘llamoq
invest in innovation
-- innovatsiyaga sarmoya kiritmoq
increase productivity
-- mahsuldorlikni oshirmoq
protect personal data
-- shaxsiy ma’lumotlarni himoyalamoq
Usage
Argument + Support + Example format
1. develop new technology
Meaning: to create and improve modern technological tools
Usage: Countries must develop new technology to remain competitive in the modern world. Technological progress improves living standards and economic growth. For example, developing renewable energy technologies helps countries reduce pollution.
2. make scientific discoveries
Meaning: to find new scientific facts or knowledge
Usage: Scientists continue to make scientific discoveries that change our lives. These discoveries improve healthcare, communication, and education. For example, medical researchers make scientific discoveries that help cure serious diseases.
3. conduct research
Meaning: to study a subject carefully to discover new information
Usage: Universities should conduct research to solve global problems. Research leads to innovation and informed decision-making. For example, scientists conduct research to understand climate change.
4. carry out experiments
Meaning: to perform scientific tests
Usage: Researchers must carry out experiments to test new ideas. Experiments help prove theories scientifically. For example, scientists carry out experiments in laboratories to develop new medicines.
5. solve complex problems
Meaning: to deal with difficult issues successfully
Usage: Modern technology helps societies solve complex problems. Advanced tools allow faster and more accurate solutions. For example, computers help engineers solve complex problems in construction.
6. collect data
Meaning: to gather information
Usage: Companies need to collect data to improve services. Accurate data leads to better planning and decisions. For example, businesses collect data about customer behaviour.
7. analyze information
Meaning: to examine data carefully
Usage: It is important to analyze information before making decisions. Proper analysis reduces errors and risks. For example, scientists analyze information from experiments to reach conclusions.
8. improve efficiency
Meaning: to make a process faster and more effective
Usage: Technology helps improve efficiency in many industries. Efficient systems save time and money. For example, automation can improve efficiency in factories.
9. use advanced technology
Meaning: to use modern and sophisticated technology
Usage: Many companies use advanced technology to stay competitive. Modern tools increase accuracy and productivity. For example, hospitals use advanced technology for medical treatment.
10. store information
Meaning: to keep data for future use
Usage: Digital systems allow organisations to store information safely. Stored data can be accessed easily when needed. For example, cloud services store information securely.
11. process information
Meaning: to organise and handle data
Usage: Computers can process information much faster than humans. This improves speed and accuracy. For example, software programs process information in seconds.
12. develop software
Meaning: to create computer programs
Usage: Tech companies develop software to meet user needs. Software development drives innovation. For example, programmers develop software for education and business.
13. apply scientific knowledge
Meaning: to use scientific understanding in practice
Usage: Societies should apply scientific knowledge to solve real-world problems. Practical use of science improves quality of life. For example, engineers apply scientific knowledge to build safer structures.
14. invest in innovation
Meaning: to spend money on new ideas and technology
Usage: Governments must invest in innovation for long-term growth. Innovation creates jobs and progress. For example, many countries invest in innovation to support technology start-ups.
15. increase productivity
Meaning: to produce more in less time
Usage: Technology helps businesses increase productivity. Higher productivity leads to economic success. For example, digital tools increase productivity in offices.
16. protect personal data
Meaning: to keep private information safe
Usage: Companies must protect personal data to maintain trust. Data protection prevents identity theft and cybercrime. For example, strong passwords help protect personal data online.
Unit 3 Test -- Science and Technology
3 exercises • 10 questions each
Exercise 1: Write the correct verb (10 ta)
Gaplarda noun berilgan, faqat to‘g‘ri verb ni yozing.
- Scientists experiments to test new medical treatments.
- Many companies personal data to prevent cyber attacks.
- Researchers information before drawing conclusions.
- Governments innovation to support future development.
- Engineers complex problems using artificial intelligence.
- Universities data from international projects.
- Modern software helps businesses efficiency.
- Programmers software for online platforms.
- Scientists scientific discoveries through long-term studies.
- Tech companies new technology every year.
Exercise 2: Match the collocations (10 ta)
A ustunidagi verbs ni B ustunidagi nouns bilan moslashtiring.
- conduct
- store
- apply
- increase
- collect
- improve
- invest in
- analyze
- make
- develop
Exercise 3: Multiple Choice (10 ta)
Choose the correct verb + noun collocation.
1. Scientists try to ___ new technology to solve global problems.
2. Researchers must ___ research before publishing results.
3. Engineers usually ___ experiments in controlled conditions.
4. Companies should ___ personal data to keep customers safe online.
5. Universities often ___ data from surveys and laboratory work.
6. Before making a decision, experts ___ information carefully.
7. Governments should ___ innovation to support national development.
8. Using automation can ___ efficiency in factories.
9. Software engineers ___ software for websites and mobile apps.
10. New tools can help businesses ___ productivity.
Test Results
The Media
16 ta Verb + Noun Collocations
access information
-- ma’lumotga kirish
spread information
-- ma’lumot tarqatmoq
share news
-- yangiliklarni ulashmoq
report events
-- voqealarni yoritmoq
broadcast programmes
-- dasturlarni efirga uzatmoq
influence public opinion
-- jamoatchilik fikriga ta’sir ko‘rsatmoq
raise public awareness
-- jamoatchilik xabardorligini oshirmoq
deliver news
-- yangiliklarni yetkazmoq
publish articles
-- maqolalar chop etmoq
cover social issues
-- ijtimoiy muammolarni yoritmoq
consume media content
-- media kontent iste’mol qilmoq
follow the news
-- yangiliklarni kuzatib bormoq
control information
-- axborotni nazorat qilmoq
manipulate information
-- ma’lumotni manipulyatsiya qilmoq
create digital content
-- raqamli kontent yaratmoq
shape public attitudes
-- jamoatchilik munosabatlarini shakllantirmoq
Usage
Argument + Support + Example format
1. access information
Meaning: to get information easily
Usage: Modern media allows people to access information quickly and easily. Easy access to information helps individuals stay informed about world events. For example, the internet enables users to access information within seconds.
2. spread information
Meaning: to share information with many people
Usage: The media plays a key role in spreading information to the public. Fast information sharing helps people react to important events. For example, social media can spread information rapidly during emergencies.
3. share news
Meaning: to pass news to others
Usage: People often use social platforms to share news with friends and family. Sharing news increases awareness of current issues. For example, users share news online about global events.
4. report events
Meaning: to describe what has happened
Usage: Journalists are responsible for reporting events accurately. Reliable reporting builds public trust. For example, news channels report events such as elections and natural disasters.
5. broadcast programmes
Meaning: to send TV or radio shows to the public
Usage: Television stations broadcast programmes to entertain and inform audiences. Broadcasting helps reach large populations. For example, educational channels broadcast programmes for students.
6. influence public opinion
Meaning: to affect how people think
Usage: The media has the power to influence public opinion. Repeated messages can shape people’s beliefs. For example, political advertising may influence public opinion before elections.
7. raise public awareness
Meaning: to make people more aware of an issue
Usage: The media helps raise public awareness about social problems. Awareness encourages positive change. For example, documentaries raise public awareness about environmental issues.
8. deliver news
Meaning: to provide news to the audience
Usage: News organisations aim to deliver news quickly and clearly. Timely news helps people make informed decisions. For example, live reports deliver news during breaking events.
9. publish articles
Meaning: to print or post written content
Usage: Newspapers and websites publish articles to inform readers. Articles provide detailed analysis. For example, online platforms publish articles on health and education.
10. cover social issues
Meaning: to report on social problems
Usage: The media should cover social issues responsibly. Proper coverage encourages discussion and solutions. For example, journalists cover social issues such as poverty and inequality.
11. consume media content
Meaning: to watch, read, or listen to media
Usage: Young people increasingly consume media content online. Digital platforms change viewing habits. For example, teenagers consume media content through smartphones.
12. follow the news
Meaning: to regularly watch or read news
Usage: Citizens should follow the news to stay informed. Being informed helps people participate in society. For example, adults follow the news to understand political changes.
13. control information
Meaning: to limit or manage information
Usage: Some governments try to control information in the media. Information control can limit freedom of expression. For example, authorities may control information during crises.
14. manipulate information
Meaning: to change information for personal gain
Usage: Unethical media can manipulate information to mislead the public. This damages trust in journalism. For example, fake news is used to manipulate information online.
15. create digital content
Meaning: to produce online material
Usage: Many individuals create digital content as a career. Content creation supports the digital economy. For example, influencers create digital content on social media platforms.
16. shape public attitudes
Meaning: to influence how people feel or think
Usage: The media plays a role in shaping public attitudes. Constant exposure affects opinions and behaviour. For example, advertising can shape public attitudes toward products.
Unit 4 Test -- The Media
3 exercises • 10 questions each
Exercise 1: Write the correct verb (10 ta)
Noun berilgan. Faqat verb ni yozing.
- Many people the news on social media every morning.
- Some governments try to information during crises.
- Journalists articles about corruption and politics.
- TV channels programmes live from different countries.
- Online platforms can quickly information to millions.
- News websites help people information easily.
- Reporters events as they happen.
- Bloggers digital content for their followers.
- The media can public opinion in elections.
- Newspapers sometimes social issues like poverty.
Exercise 2: Match (10 ta)
Column A dagi verbs ni Column B dagi nouns bilan moslashtiring.
- deliver
- share
- raise
- manipulate
- access
- shape
- broadcast
- spread
- publish
- cover
Exercise 3: Multiple Choice (10 ta)
To‘g‘ri collocationni tanlang. (A/B/C/D)
1. People use the internet to ___ information quickly.
2. Some social media pages ___ information to mislead users.
3. News channels often ___ programmes about health and education.
4. Journalists ___ events live from the scene.
5. Newspapers ___ articles about local problems.
6. Good media campaigns can ___ public awareness about pollution.
7. Influencers often ___ news with their followers.
8. Some media companies can ___ public attitudes towards certain groups.
9. Bad rumours can ___ information across the internet in minutes.
10. Reliable reporters ___ news to the public as fast as possible.
Test Results
People and Society
16 ta Verb + Noun Collocations
play a role
-- rol o‘ynamoq
build relationships
-- munosabatlar o‘rnatmoq
respect differences
-- farqlarni hurmat qilmoq
promote equality
-- tenglikni targ‘ib qilmoq
maintain social harmony
-- ijtimoiy totuvlikni saqlamoq
face social challenges
-- ijtimoiy muammolarga duch kelmoq
support communities
-- jamoalarni qo‘llab-quvvatlamoq
share common values
-- umumiy qadriyatlarni baham ko‘rmoq
raise awareness
-- xabardorlikni oshirmoq
encourage cooperation
-- hamkorlikni rag‘batlantirmoq
reduce inequality
-- tengsizlikni kamaytirmoq
strengthen social bonds
-- ijtimoiy aloqalarni mustahkamlamoq
influence behaviour
-- xulq-atvorga ta’sir ko‘rsatmoq
provide social support
-- ijtimoiy yordam ko‘rsatmoq
shape social attitudes
-- ijtimoiy qarashlarni shakllantirmoq
resolve conflicts
-- nizolarni hal qilmoq
Usage
Argument + Support + Example format
1. play a role
Meaning: to have an important effect or function
Usage: Education plays a role in shaping modern society. It helps people develop values and social skills. For example, schools play a role in teaching young people how to behave responsibly.
2. build relationships
Meaning: to form connections with other people
Usage: People need to build relationships to live happily in society. Strong relationships improve communication and trust. For example, colleagues build relationships at work to cooperate better.
3. respect differences
Meaning: to accept and value diversity
Usage: Societies must respect differences to remain peaceful. Acceptance reduces misunderstanding and conflict. For example, respecting cultural differences helps people live together harmoniously.
4. promote equality
Meaning: to encourage equal rights and opportunities
Usage: Governments should promote equality in society. Equal opportunities create fairness and social stability. For example, laws promote equality between men and women in the workplace.
5. maintain social harmony
Meaning: to keep society peaceful and stable
Usage: Communities should maintain social harmony to avoid conflict. Peaceful societies are safer and more cooperative. For example, mutual respect helps maintain social harmony in diverse cities.
6. face social challenges
Meaning: to deal with social problems
Usage: Many countries face social challenges such as poverty and unemployment. These issues affect people’s quality of life. For example, developing nations face social challenges related to education access.
7. support communities
Meaning: to help local groups and societies
Usage: Governments should support communities to strengthen society. Community support improves living standards. For example, local authorities support communities by funding social programmes.
8. share common values
Meaning: to have the same beliefs or principles
Usage: People who share common values live more peacefully together. Shared values build trust and unity. For example, families often share common values such as honesty and respect.
9. raise awareness
Meaning: to make people more informed about an issue
Usage: Media campaigns can raise awareness about social problems. Awareness encourages positive change. For example, public campaigns raise awareness about mental health.
10. encourage cooperation
Meaning: to promote working together
Usage: Society should encourage cooperation among citizens. Cooperation helps solve problems faster. For example, group projects at school encourage cooperation between students.
11. reduce inequality
Meaning: to make social and economic gaps smaller
Usage: Governments must reduce inequality to create a fair society. Large gaps cause social tension. For example, welfare programmes help reduce inequality among citizens.
12. strengthen social bonds
Meaning: to make relationships closer and stronger
Usage: Community activities strengthen social bonds. Strong bonds provide emotional support. For example, festivals strengthen social bonds among neighbours.
13. influence behaviour
Meaning: to affect how people act
Usage: Education and media influence behaviour in society. People often follow what they see and learn. For example, positive role models influence behaviour among teenagers.
14. provide social support
Meaning: to give help to people in need
Usage: Governments should provide social support for vulnerable groups. Support systems protect people during hard times. For example, the state provides social support for elderly citizens.
15. shape social attitudes
Meaning: to influence how people think or feel
Usage: The media helps shape social attitudes. Repeated messages affect public opinion. For example, advertising shapes social attitudes toward beauty standards.
16. resolve conflicts
Meaning: to find peaceful solutions to disagreements
Usage: Dialogue is necessary to resolve conflicts in society. Peaceful solutions prevent violence. For example, community discussions help resolve conflicts between groups.
Unit 5 Test -- People and Society
3 exercises • 10 questions each
Exercise 1: Write the correct verb (10 ta)
Noun berilgan. Faqat verb ni yozing.
- Teachers can awareness about bullying at school.
- Good leaders equality in the workplace.
- Neighbours should conflicts peacefully.
- Volunteering can communities in difficult times.
- Families often common values such as honesty and respect.
- Social media can behaviour, especially among teenagers.
- People should differences in multicultural societies.
- Team projects cooperation between students.
- Friends relationships by spending time together.
- Strong communities social harmony during stressful periods.
Exercise 2: Match (10 ta)
Column A dagi verbs ni Column B dagi nouns bilan moslashtiring.
- play
- face
- reduce
- strengthen
- provide
- shape
- encourage
- promote
- maintain
- resolve
Exercise 3: Multiple Choice (10 ta)
To‘g‘ri collocationni tanlang. (A/B/C/D)
1. Parents and teachers should ___ awareness about online safety.
2. In group work, students must ___ cooperation to finish tasks.
3. A good citizen should ___ differences and avoid discrimination.
4. Governments should ___ inequality by improving education and jobs.
5. Local organisations often ___ social support for poor families.
6. Friendships help people ___ social bonds in the community.
7. Fair laws can ___ equality in society.
8. Traditions and culture can ___ social attitudes over time.
9. A mediator helps people ___ conflicts without violence.
10. Everyone can ___ a role in making society safer.
Test Results
The Law and Crime
16 ta Verb + Noun Collocations
break the law
-- qonunni buzmoq
commit a crime
-- jinoyat sodir etmoq
enforce the law
-- qonunni ijro etmoq
maintain public order
-- jamoat tartibini saqlamoq
reduce crime rates
-- jinoyatchilik darajasini kamaytirmoq
prevent crime
-- jinoyatlarning oldini olmoq
punish offenders
-- huquqbuzarlarni jazolamoq
serve a sentence
-- jazoni o‘tamoq
carry out an investigation
-- tergov olib bormoq
arrest a suspect
-- gumonlanuvchini hibsga olmoq
protect citizens
-- fuqarolarni himoya qilmoq
provide justice
-- adolatni ta’minlamoq
commit violent acts
-- zo‘ravonlik harakatlarini sodir etmoq
deter criminal behaviour
-- jinoyatchilik xulqini jilovlamoq
uphold the law
-- qonunni himoya qilmoq / saqlamoq
ensure public safety
-- jamoat xavfsizligini ta’minlamoq
Usage
Argument + Support + Example format
1. break the law
Meaning: to do something illegal
Usage: People should not break the law because laws exist to protect society. When laws are ignored, social order becomes weak. For example, drivers who speed break the law and put others at risk.
2. commit a crime
Meaning: to do an illegal or criminal act
Usage: Some individuals commit a crime due to poverty or lack of education. Crime damages trust and safety in society. For example, unemployment can push people to commit a crime.
3. enforce the law
Meaning: to make sure laws are obeyed
Usage: Governments must enforce the law to maintain order. Without enforcement, laws lose their power. For example, police officers enforce the law by punishing offenders.
4. maintain public order
Meaning: to keep society peaceful and organised
Usage: Authorities are responsible for maintaining public order. Social stability depends on effective law enforcement. For example, the police help maintain public order during public events.
5. reduce crime rates
Meaning: to lower the number of crimes
Usage: Education and employment opportunities can reduce crime rates. When people have stable jobs, crime decreases. For example, youth programmes help reduce crime rates in cities.
6. prevent crime
Meaning: to stop crimes before they happen
Usage: Governments should focus on ways to prevent crime. Prevention is more effective than punishment. For example, better street lighting helps prevent crime at night.
7. punish offenders
Meaning: to give penalties to people who break the law
Usage: Courts must punish offenders fairly. Proper punishment discourages future crimes. For example, judges punish offenders according to the seriousness of the crime.
8. serve a sentence
Meaning: to spend time in prison as punishment
Usage: Criminals who are convicted must serve a sentence. This protects society and reinforces justice. For example, serious offenders serve a sentence in prison.
9. carry out an investigation
Meaning: to officially examine a crime
Usage: Police must carry out an investigation carefully. Accurate investigations ensure fair trials. For example, detectives carry out an investigation to find evidence.
10. arrest a suspect
Meaning: to take a possible criminal into custody
Usage: Police may arrest a suspect if there is enough evidence. Arrests help stop further crimes. For example, officers arrest a suspect after questioning witnesses.
11. protect citizens
Meaning: to keep people safe from harm
Usage: The main role of the government is to protect citizens. Safety is a basic human need. For example, law enforcement agencies protect citizens from criminal activity.
12. provide justice
Meaning: to ensure fairness and lawful treatment
Usage: A legal system must provide justice for everyone. Fair justice builds trust in institutions. For example, independent courts help provide justice in society.
13. commit violent acts
Meaning: to perform acts of violence
Usage: People who commit violent acts threaten social stability. Violence creates fear and insecurity. For example, terrorists commit violent acts to spread fear.
14. deter criminal behaviour
Meaning: to discourage people from committing crimes
Usage: Strict laws can deter criminal behaviour. Fear of punishment reduces crime. For example, heavy fines deter criminal behaviour on the roads.
15. uphold the law
Meaning: to respect and protect the law
Usage: All citizens must uphold the law to keep society stable. Respect for law ensures equality. For example, judges uphold the law by making fair decisions.
16. ensure public safety
Meaning: to make sure people are safe
Usage: Governments must ensure public safety at all times. Safety increases confidence and well-being. For example, security measures ensure public safety in public places.
Unit 6 Test -- The Law and Crime
3 exercises • 10 questions each
Exercise 1: Write the correct verb (10 ta)
Gaplarda noun berilgan, faqat to‘g‘ri verb ni yozing.
- People who the law should face consequences.
- The police work hard to citizens from harm.
- Courts must justice fairly for everyone.
- Strict rules can criminal behaviour in society.
- Police officers suspects during serious cases.
- Governments try to crime by improving education.
- Judges offenders according to the seriousness of the crime.
- Strong policing helps public order in cities.
- Some criminals violent acts during protests.
- After the trial, the criminal must a sentence.
Exercise 2: Match (10 ta)
Column A dagi verbs ni Column B dagi nouns bilan moslashtiring.
- enforce
- reduce
- carry out
- ensure
- uphold
- commit
- maintain
- punish
- arrest
- deter
Exercise 3: Multiple Choice (10 ta)
To‘g‘ri verb + noun collocation ni tanlang. (A / B / C / D)
1. Anyone who ___ the law may be fined or arrested.
2. Police officers must ___ the law fairly and equally.
3. Strong laws help governments ___ crime rates.
4. The main goal of policing is to ___ public safety.
5. Detectives usually ___ an investigation after a crime.
6. Courts are responsible for ___ justice in society.
7. Serious crimes often lead to offenders having to ___ a sentence.
8. Police may ___ a suspect if there is enough evidence.
9. Strict punishment can ___ criminal behaviour in the future.
10. Law enforcement helps ___ public order during large events.
Test Results
Health and Fitness
16 ta Verb + Noun Collocations
maintain good health
-- sog‘liqni yaxshi holatda saqlamoq
improve physical fitness
-- jismoniy holatni yaxshilamoq
follow a balanced diet
-- muvozanatli ovqatlanmoq
prevent diseases
-- kasalliklarning oldini olmoq
reduce stress
-- stressni kamaytirmoq
take regular exercise
-- muntazam jismoniy mashq qilmoq
strengthen the immune system
-- immunitetni mustahkamlash
lead a healthy lifestyle
-- sog‘lom turmush tarzini olib bormoq
maintain a healthy weight
-- sog‘lom vaznni saqlamoq
improve mental health
-- ruhiy salomatlikni yaxshilamoq
treat patients
-- bemorlarni davolamoq
provide healthcare
-- tibbiy xizmat ko‘rsatmoq
avoid unhealthy habits
-- zararli odatlardan qochmoq
raise health awareness
-- sog‘liq bo‘yicha xabardorlikni oshirmoq
reduce health risks
-- sog‘liq uchun xavflarni kamaytirmoq
encourage physical activity
-- jismoniy faollikni rag‘batlantirmoq
Usage
Argument + Support + Example format
1. maintain good health
Meaning: to keep the body in a healthy condition
Usage: People should maintain good health to live a productive life. Good health allows individuals to work effectively and enjoy daily activities. For example, regular exercise helps people maintain good health.
2. improve physical fitness
Meaning: to make the body stronger and healthier
Usage: Regular exercise helps improve physical fitness. Physical fitness reduces the risk of serious diseases. For example, going to the gym can improve physical fitness over time.
3. follow a balanced diet
Meaning: to eat healthy food in the right amounts
Usage: People should follow a balanced diet to stay healthy. Proper nutrition provides energy and essential vitamins. For example, eating fruits and vegetables helps people follow a balanced diet.
4. prevent diseases
Meaning: to stop illnesses from developing
Usage: Healthy habits can prevent diseases. Prevention is better and cheaper than treatment. For example, vaccination helps prevent diseases such as flu.
5. reduce stress
Meaning: to lower mental pressure and anxiety
Usage: Exercise and hobbies help reduce stress. Lower stress levels improve mental well-being. For example, meditation can reduce stress after a long day.
6. take regular exercise
Meaning: to exercise frequently
Usage: People should take regular exercise to stay fit. Regular activity strengthens the body and mind. For example, walking daily helps people take regular exercise.
7. strengthen the immune system
Meaning: to make the body better at fighting illness
Usage: Healthy food and sleep help strengthen the immune system. A strong immune system protects against infections. For example, vitamins help strengthen the immune system.
8. lead a healthy lifestyle
Meaning: to live in a healthy way
Usage: Individuals should lead a healthy lifestyle to avoid health problems. Healthy lifestyles increase life expectancy. For example, non-smokers often lead a healthy lifestyle.
9. maintain a healthy weight
Meaning: to keep body weight at a healthy level
Usage: People need to maintain a healthy weight to reduce health risks. Excess weight increases the chance of illness. For example, balanced eating helps maintain a healthy weight.
10. improve mental health
Meaning: to make psychological well-being better
Usage: Social interaction and exercise improve mental health. Mental health is as important as physical health. For example, hobbies can improve mental health among teenagers.
11. treat patients
Meaning: to give medical care to sick people
Usage: Doctors work hard to treat patients effectively. Proper treatment saves lives. For example, hospitals treat patients with serious illnesses.
12. provide healthcare
Meaning: to offer medical services
Usage: Governments must provide healthcare for citizens. Access to healthcare improves quality of life. For example, public hospitals provide healthcare at low cost.
13. avoid unhealthy habits
Meaning: to stay away from harmful behaviours
Usage: People should avoid unhealthy habits such as smoking. Unhealthy habits cause long-term damage. For example, teenagers should avoid unhealthy habits early in life.
14. raise health awareness
Meaning: to increase knowledge about health issues
Usage: Campaigns can raise health awareness in society. Awareness helps people make better choices. For example, media programmes raise health awareness about nutrition.
15. reduce health risks
Meaning: to lower the chance of illness
Usage: Healthy lifestyles help reduce health risks. Prevention protects both individuals and society. For example, regular check-ups reduce health risks.
16. encourage physical activity
Meaning: to motivate people to exercise
Usage: Schools should encourage physical activity among students. Active children are healthier and more focused. For example, sports lessons encourage physical activity in schools.
Unit 7 Test -- Health and Fitness
3 exercises • 10 questions each
Exercise 1: Write the correct verb (10 ta)
Gaplarda noun berilgan. Faqat to‘g‘ri verb ni yozing.
- Doctors work hard to diseases through early diagnosis.
- Regular workouts help people physical fitness.
- Many people try to stress by practising meditation.
- A good diet helps you a healthy weight.
- Hospitals healthcare to people of all ages.
- Daily exercise can the immune system.
- Governments should health awareness among teenagers.
- Walking every day helps people a healthy lifestyle.
- Doctors patients using modern medical equipment.
- People should unhealthy habits such as smoking.
Exercise 2: Match (10 ta)
Column A dagi verbs ni Column B dagi nouns bilan moslashtiring.
- maintain
- improve
- follow
- take
- reduce
- encourage
- strengthen
- lead
- provide
- raise
Exercise 3: Multiple Choice (10 ta)
To‘g‘ri verb + noun collocation ni tanlang. (A / B / C / D)
1. Eating fresh food helps people ___ good health.
2. Schools should ___ physical activity among students.
3. Doctors try to ___ diseases before they become serious.
4. Meditation can help people ___ stress.
5. A gym membership helps you ___ physical fitness.
6. Governments must ___ healthcare for all citizens.
7. Regular exercise can ___ the immune system.
8. Teenagers should ___ unhealthy habits like smoking.
9. Doctors aim to ___ patients using effective treatment.
10. Campaigns can ___ health risks in society.
Test Results
Food and Drink
16 ta Verb + Noun Collocations
prepare meals
-- ovqat tayyorlamoq
consume food
-- ovqat iste’mol qilmoq
follow a healthy diet
-- sog‘lom ovqatlanish rejimiga amal qilmoq
avoid junk food
-- zararli ovqatlardan qochmoq
maintain a balanced diet
-- muvozanatli ovqatlanishni saqlamoq
increase food consumption
-- ovqat iste’molini oshirmoq
reduce sugar intake
-- shakar iste’molini kamaytirmoq
provide nutrition
-- oziqlanishni ta’minlamoq
improve eating habits
-- ovqatlanish odatlarini yaxshilamoq
eat fresh produce
-- yangi mahsulotlarni iste’mol qilmoq
serve healthy food
-- sog‘lom ovqatlar tortmoq
meet nutritional needs
-- oziqlanish ehtiyojlarini qondirmoq
cause health problems
-- sog‘liq muammolarini keltirib chiqarmoq
develop eating disorders
-- ovqatlanish buzilishlarini rivojlantirmoq
promote healthy eating
-- sog‘lom ovqatlanishni targ‘ib qilmoq
control portion size
-- porsiya miqdorini nazorat qilmoq
Usage
Argument + Support + Example format
1. prepare meals
Meaning: to cook food
Usage: Families should prepare meals at home more often. Home-cooked food is usually healthier and cheaper. For example, parents who prepare meals at home can control ingredients better.
2. consume food
Meaning: to eat food
Usage: People should be careful about the food they consume. Poor food choices can harm health. For example, many people consume food that is high in fat and sugar.
3. follow a healthy diet
Meaning: to eat nutritious food regularly
Usage: Individuals should follow a healthy diet to stay fit. A healthy diet provides essential nutrients. For example, athletes follow a healthy diet to improve performance.
4. avoid junk food
Meaning: to stay away from unhealthy food
Usage: Children should avoid junk food to protect their health. Junk food contains too much sugar and fat. For example, schools encourage students to avoid junk food.
5. maintain a balanced diet
Meaning: to eat different types of food in the right amounts
Usage: People need to maintain a balanced diet to remain healthy. Balance prevents nutritional problems. For example, eating vegetables and protein helps maintain a balanced diet.
6. increase food consumption
Meaning: to eat more food
Usage: Stress can increase food consumption. Overeating may lead to obesity. For example, some people increase food consumption when feeling anxious.
7. reduce sugar intake
Meaning: to eat less sugar
Usage: Doctors advise people to reduce sugar intake. Excess sugar causes serious health problems. For example, reducing sweets helps reduce sugar intake.
8. provide nutrition
Meaning: to give the body necessary nutrients
Usage: Healthy food should provide nutrition for the body. Proper nutrition supports growth and energy. For example, fruits and vegetables provide nutrition naturally.
9. improve eating habits
Meaning: to develop healthier eating behaviour
Usage: Education can improve eating habits. Better habits lead to long-term health benefits. For example, health classes help students improve eating habits.
10. eat fresh produce
Meaning: to eat fresh fruits and vegetables
Usage: People should eat fresh produce regularly. Fresh food contains more vitamins. For example, families who eat fresh produce stay healthier.
11. serve healthy food
Meaning: to offer nutritious meals
Usage: Schools should serve healthy food to students. Healthy meals improve concentration. For example, school cafeterias serve healthy food daily.
12. meet nutritional needs
Meaning: to provide enough nutrients for the body
Usage: A good diet must meet nutritional needs. Without proper nutrition, health declines. For example, balanced meals meet nutritional needs of growing children.
13. cause health problems
Meaning: to lead to illnesses or poor health
Usage: Poor eating habits can cause health problems. Long-term unhealthy diets increase disease risk. For example, fast food can cause health problems such as obesity.
14. develop eating disorders
Meaning: to suffer from unhealthy eating behaviour
Usage: Social pressure may cause young people to develop eating disorders. These disorders harm both physical and mental health. For example, extreme dieting can develop eating disorders.
15. promote healthy eating
Meaning: to encourage good eating habits
Usage: Governments should promote healthy eating. Public awareness improves national health. For example, campaigns promote healthy eating through media.
16. control portion size
Meaning: to limit the amount of food eaten
Usage: People should control portion size to avoid overeating. Smaller portions help manage weight. For example, restaurants that control portion size support healthier eating.
Education and Learning
16 ta Verb + Noun Collocations
gain knowledge
-- bilim olish
receive education
-- ta’lim olish
acquire skills
-- ko‘nikmalarni egallamoq
improve academic performance
-- o‘quv natijalarini yaxshilamoq
develop critical thinking
-- tanqidiy fikrlashni rivojlantirmoq
pursue higher education
-- oliy ta’limni davom ettirmoq
take exams
-- imtihon topshirmoq
pass examinations
-- imtihonlardan o‘tmoq
encourage learning
-- o‘rganishni rag‘batlantirmoq
provide education
-- ta’lim berish
improve literacy rates
-- savodxonlik darajasini oshirmoq
evaluate student performance
-- o‘quvchi natijasini baholamoq
develop creativity
-- ijodkorlikni rivojlantirmoq
enhance learning outcomes
-- o‘qish natijalarini yaxshilamoq
offer training programmes
-- o‘quv / trening dasturlarini taklif etmoq
access educational resources
-- ta’lim resurslariga kirish
Usage
Banana format (Connected usage)
1. gain knowledge
Meaning: to learn and understand new information
Usage: People attend schools and universities to gain knowledge. Knowledge helps individuals make better decisions in life. For example, students gain knowledge about science and society through education.
2. receive education
Meaning: to get formal learning from schools or institutions
Usage: Children should receive education from an early age. Education builds a strong foundation for future success. For example, those who receive education are more likely to find stable jobs.
3. acquire skills
Meaning: to learn practical abilities
Usage: In addition to theory, students must acquire skills. Practical skills prepare learners for real-life challenges. For example, teamwork projects help students acquire skills needed in the workplace.
4. improve academic performance
Meaning: to achieve better results in studies
Usage: Effective teaching methods help improve academic performance. When students understand lessons well, their results increase. For example, regular feedback can improve academic performance significantly.
5. develop critical thinking
Meaning: to learn how to think logically and independently
Usage: Modern education should develop critical thinking. This skill allows students to analyse problems instead of memorising facts. For example, debates help students develop critical thinking skills.
6. pursue higher education
Meaning: to continue studying at university level
Usage: Many students choose to pursue higher education after school. Higher education opens doors to better career opportunities. For example, graduates who pursue higher education often earn higher salaries.
7. take exams
Meaning: to sit for tests
Usage: Students must take exams to show their understanding. Exams measure knowledge and progress. For example, final-year students take exams to complete their studies.
8. pass examinations
Meaning: to succeed in exams
Usage: Hard-working students usually pass examinations successfully. Passing exams builds confidence and motivation. For example, students who revise regularly pass examinations more easily.
9. encourage learning
Meaning: to motivate people to study
Usage: Teachers should encourage learning inside and outside the classroom. Motivation increases student engagement. For example, supportive teachers encourage learning through positive feedback.
10. provide education
Meaning: to offer learning opportunities
Usage: Governments must provide education for all citizens. Equal access reduces social inequality. For example, public schools provide education regardless of background.
11. improve literacy rates
Meaning: to increase reading and writing ability
Usage: Education policies aim to improve literacy rates. Literacy is essential for participation in society. For example, adult education programmes improve literacy rates in rural areas.
12. evaluate student performance
Meaning: to assess how well students are doing
Usage: Schools should evaluate student performance regularly. Evaluation helps identify strengths and weaknesses. For example, teachers evaluate student performance through tests and assignments.
13. develop creativity
Meaning: to improve creative thinking and imagination
Usage: Education should not only focus on exams but also develop creativity. Creativity encourages innovation and problem-solving. For example, art classes help develop creativity among children.
14. enhance learning outcomes
Meaning: to make learning results better
Usage: Interactive lessons enhance learning outcomes. Students learn more effectively when lessons are engaging. For example, group work enhances learning outcomes in classrooms.
15. offer training programmes
Meaning: to provide courses for skill development
Usage: Many institutions offer training programmes for adults. Training improves employability. For example, companies offer training programmes to develop employee skills.
16. access educational resources
Meaning: to use learning materials such as books or online content
Usage: Students need to access educational resources to succeed. Resources support independent learning. For example, online platforms allow students to access educational resources anytime.
Weather and the Environment
16 ta Verb + Noun Collocations
protect the environment
-- atrof-muhitni himoya qilmoq
reduce air pollution
-- havo ifloslanishini kamaytirmoq
combat climate change
-- iqlim o‘zgarishiga qarshi kurashmoq
cause environmental damage
-- atrof-muhitga zarar yetkazmoq
preserve natural resources
-- tabiiy resurslarni asramoq
raise environmental awareness
-- ekologik xabardorlikni oshirmoq
lower carbon emissions
-- uglerod chiqindilarini kamaytirmoq
prevent environmental problems
-- ekologik muammolarni oldini olmoq
promote renewable energy
-- qayta tiklanuvchi energiyani targ‘ib qilmoq
reduce waste production
-- chiqindi ishlab chiqarishni kamaytirmoq
recycle household waste
-- maishiy chiqindilarni qayta ishlamoq
protect wildlife
-- yovvoyi tabiatni himoya qilmoq
face extreme weather
-- keskin ob-havo sharoitlariga duch kelmoq
reduce water consumption
-- suv iste’molini kamaytirmoq
implement environmental policies
-- ekologik siyosatlarni joriy etmoq
support sustainable development
-- barqaror rivojlanishni qo‘llab-quvvatlamoq
Usage
Argument + Support + Example format
1. protect the environment
Meaning: to keep the natural world safe from harm
Usage: Governments must protect the environment to ensure a healthy future. Environmental protection improves quality of life for everyone. For example, strict laws help protect the environment from pollution.
2. reduce air pollution
Meaning: to lower the level of harmful gases in the air
Usage: Cities should take measures to reduce air pollution. Cleaner air improves public health. For example, limiting car use helps reduce air pollution in urban areas.
3. combat climate change
Meaning: to take action against global warming
Usage: Countries need to combat climate change through global cooperation. Climate change affects weather patterns worldwide. For example, reducing emissions helps combat climate change.
4. cause environmental damage
Meaning: to harm nature and ecosystems
Usage: Industrial activities often cause environmental damage. Long-term damage threatens future generations. For example, factory waste can cause environmental damage to rivers.
5. preserve natural resources
Meaning: to protect resources such as water and forests
Usage: Societies must preserve natural resources for the future. Resources are limited and valuable. For example, saving water helps preserve natural resources.
6. raise environmental awareness
Meaning: to increase people’s knowledge about environmental issues
Usage: Education campaigns can raise environmental awareness. Awareness encourages responsible behaviour. For example, documentaries raise environmental awareness about climate issues.
7. lower carbon emissions
Meaning: to reduce harmful gases released into the atmosphere
Usage: Governments aim to lower carbon emissions to slow global warming. Emissions are a major cause of climate change. For example, electric transport helps lower carbon emissions.
8. prevent environmental problems
Meaning: to stop environmental issues before they occur
Usage: Early action can prevent environmental problems. Prevention is more effective than repair. For example, recycling programmes help prevent environmental problems.
9. promote renewable energy
Meaning: to encourage the use of clean energy sources
Usage: Many countries promote renewable energy to reduce pollution. Renewable sources are sustainable. For example, governments promote renewable energy such as solar power.
10. reduce waste production
Meaning: to create less waste
Usage: Society should reduce waste production to protect nature. Excess waste damages ecosystems. For example, reusing materials helps reduce waste production.
11. recycle household waste
Meaning: to reuse waste materials from homes
Usage: Families should recycle household waste regularly. Recycling saves resources and energy. For example, sorting rubbish helps recycle household waste efficiently.
12. protect wildlife
Meaning: to keep animals and plants safe
Usage: Humans must protect wildlife to maintain biodiversity. Wildlife plays a key role in ecosystems. For example, national parks help protect wildlife from extinction.
13. face extreme weather
Meaning: to experience severe weather conditions
Usage: Many regions now face extreme weather due to climate change. Extreme weather threatens lives and property. For example, coastal areas face extreme weather such as floods.
14. reduce water consumption
Meaning: to use less water
Usage: People should reduce water consumption to save resources. Water shortages are becoming more common. For example, fixing leaks helps reduce water consumption.
15. implement environmental policies
Meaning: to put environmental rules into action
Usage: Governments must implement environmental policies effectively. Strong policies lead to real change. For example, carbon taxes implement environmental policies successfully.
16. support sustainable development
Meaning: to encourage growth without harming the environment
Usage: Countries should support sustainable development for long-term progress. Sustainable development balances economy and nature. For example, green industries support sustainable development.
Money and Shopping
16 ta Verb + Noun Collocations
earn money
-- pul topmoq
spend money
-- pul sarflamoq
save money
-- pul tejamoq
manage finances
-- moliyani boshqarmoq
increase prices
-- narxlarni oshirmoq
afford products
-- mahsulotlarni sotib olishga qurbi yetmoq
make a purchase
-- xarid qilmoq
compare prices
-- narxlarni solishtirmoq
pay in cash
-- naqd pul bilan to‘lamoq
use credit cards
-- kredit kartalardan foydalanmoq
avoid unnecessary spending
-- keraksiz xarajatlardan qochmoq
set a budget
-- byudjet belgilamoq
control expenses
-- xarajatlarni nazorat qilmoq
raise income levels
-- daromad darajasini oshirmoq
support local businesses
-- mahalliy bizneslarni qo‘llab-quvvatlamoq
encourage consumer spending
-- iste’molchi xarajatlarini rag‘batlantirmoq
Usage
Banana format (Extended usage)
1. earn money
Meaning: to receive money in exchange for work or services
Usage: Most people work hard to earn money in order to meet their basic needs and improve their quality of life. Having a stable income allows individuals to afford housing, food, and education. For example, young adults often earn money through full-time jobs to support themselves and their families.
2. spend money
Meaning: to use money to buy goods or services
Usage: The way people spend money reflects their priorities and lifestyle choices. Responsible spending helps individuals avoid financial problems and live within their means. For example, families usually spend money on necessities such as food, rent, and healthcare rather than luxury items.
3. save money
Meaning: to keep money for future use
Usage: It is essential for individuals to save money to prepare for unexpected situations. Savings provide financial security during emergencies such as illness or job loss. For example, many people save money every month to build a safety fund.
4. manage finances
Meaning: to control and organise personal or household money
Usage: Adults must manage finances carefully to avoid debt and financial stress. Proper financial management includes planning expenses and tracking income. For example, families who manage finances well are better prepared for economic difficulties.
5. increase prices
Meaning: to make goods or services more expensive
Usage: Economic instability can increase prices of essential goods. Higher prices reduce purchasing power and affect low-income households the most. For example, inflation often increases prices of food and fuel.
6. afford products
Meaning: to have enough money to buy items
Usage: Not everyone can afford products when prices rise sharply. Limited income restricts consumer choices and lowers living standards. For example, many families cannot afford products such as modern electronics or private education.
7. make a purchase
Meaning: to buy something
Usage: Consumers usually think carefully before they make a purchase, especially when money is limited. Careful decision-making helps avoid regret and waste. For example, many people read reviews online before they make a purchase.
8. compare prices
Meaning: to look at prices of similar products
Usage: Wise consumers compare prices to find the best value for money. Comparing prices allows people to save money and make informed choices. For example, shoppers often compare prices in different supermarkets before buying groceries.
9. pay in cash
Meaning: to use physical money instead of cards
Usage: Some people prefer to pay in cash because it helps them control spending. Cash payments make people more aware of how much they spend. For example, customers often pay in cash at local markets to avoid overspending.
10. use credit cards
Meaning: to pay using bank-issued cards
Usage: Many consumers use credit cards for convenience and online shopping. However, careless use can lead to debt and financial problems. For example, people who use credit cards excessively may struggle to repay loans.
11. avoid unnecessary spending
Meaning: to not waste money on unimportant items
Usage: People should avoid unnecessary spending to maintain financial stability. Reducing impulsive purchases allows individuals to save more money. For example, avoiding luxury items helps families avoid unnecessary spending.
12. set a budget
Meaning: to plan how money will be spent
Usage: Individuals should set a budget to control their finances effectively. Budgeting helps people track expenses and avoid debt. For example, students often set a budget to manage living costs and tuition fees.
13. control expenses
Meaning: to keep spending within limits
Usage: It is important to control expenses, especially during economic uncertainty. Controlling expenses prevents financial stress and debt. For example, families control expenses by reducing entertainment and luxury spending.
14. raise income levels
Meaning: to increase earnings
Usage: Governments aim to raise income levels by creating jobs and supporting businesses. Higher income levels improve living standards and economic growth. For example, training programmes help workers raise income levels.
15. support local businesses
Meaning: to buy goods and services from nearby shops
Usage: Consumers should support local businesses to strengthen the local economy. Local businesses create jobs and keep money within the community. For example, buying from local markets helps support local businesses.
16. encourage consumer spending
Meaning: to motivate people to spend money
Usage: During economic slowdown, governments may encourage consumer spending to boost growth. Increased spending supports businesses and employment. For example, tax reductions can encourage consumer spending.
Entertainment
16 ta Verb + Noun Collocations
watch films
-- filmlar tomosha qilmoq
enjoy entertainment
-- ko‘ngilochar mashg‘ulotlardan zavqlanmoq
attend live events
-- jonli tadbirlarda qatnashmoq
listen to music
-- musiqa tinglamoq
play video games
-- video o‘yinlar o‘ynamoq
spend leisure time
-- hordiq vaqtini o‘tkazmoq
provide entertainment
-- ko‘ngilochar xizmat ko‘rsatmoq
relax after work
-- ishidan keyin dam olmoq
escape daily routine
-- kundalik tartibdan chalg‘imoq
follow popular trends
-- mashhur trendlarni kuzatmoq
stream online content
-- onlayn kontent tomosha qilmoq
support creative industries
-- ijodiy sohalarni qo‘llab-quvvatlamoq
improve quality of life
-- hayot sifatini yaxshilamoq
reduce mental stress
-- ruhiy stressni kamaytirmoq
develop cultural awareness
-- madaniy xabardorlikni rivojlantirmoq
boost emotional well-being
-- hissiy farovonlikni oshirmoq
Usage
Argument + Support + Example format
1. watch films
Meaning: to view movies for enjoyment or relaxation
Usage: Many people watch films as a popular form of entertainment. Films allow viewers to relax and forget about daily problems for a short time. For example, families often watch films together in the evening to spend quality time.
2. enjoy entertainment
Meaning: to take pleasure in entertaining activities
Usage: People enjoy entertainment because it helps them relax and feel happy. Entertainment plays an important role in balancing work and personal life. For example, young people enjoy entertainment such as movies, concerts, and online videos.
3. attend live events
Meaning: to go to concerts, shows, or performances in person
Usage: Many individuals prefer to attend live events rather than stay at home. Live events create strong emotions and social interaction. For example, music fans attend live events to experience performances directly.
4. listen to music
Meaning: to hear music for pleasure or relaxation
Usage: People often listen to music to improve their mood. Music helps individuals feel calm and motivated. For example, many workers listen to music while commuting to reduce stress.
5. play video games
Meaning: to engage in electronic games
Usage: Some people play video games to relax and have fun. When played in moderation, games can improve concentration and problem-solving skills. For example, teenagers play video games after school to unwind.
6. spend leisure time
Meaning: to use free time for relaxation
Usage: How people spend leisure time affects their mental health. Meaningful leisure activities help individuals recharge. For example, many people spend leisure time watching movies or reading books.
7. provide entertainment
Meaning: to offer activities that amuse people
Usage: The entertainment industry aims to provide entertainment for different age groups. Entertainment brings enjoyment and relaxation. For example, television channels provide entertainment through shows and series.
8. relax after work
Meaning: to rest following a working day
Usage: After a long day, people need to relax after work. Relaxation helps reduce stress and improve productivity. For example, watching a TV series helps many adults relax after work.
9. escape daily routine
Meaning: to take a break from everyday life
Usage: Entertainment allows people to escape daily routine. A change of activity refreshes the mind. For example, watching a comedy helps individuals escape daily routine temporarily.
10. follow popular trends
Meaning: to pay attention to what is fashionable or popular
Usage: Young people often follow popular trends in entertainment. Trends influence viewing and listening habits. For example, many teenagers follow popular trends on social media platforms.
11. stream online content
Meaning: to watch or listen to digital media on the internet
Usage: Nowadays, people prefer to stream online content rather than use traditional media. Online platforms offer convenience and variety. For example, users stream online content on platforms like YouTube and Netflix.
12. support creative industries
Meaning: to help sectors such as music, film, and art
Usage: Governments should support creative industries to encourage cultural growth. Creative industries create jobs and innovation. For example, funding films helps support creative industries.
13. improve quality of life
Meaning: to make life better and more enjoyable
Usage: Entertainment can improve quality of life by reducing stress. Enjoyable activities increase happiness. For example, cultural events improve quality of life in cities.
14. reduce mental stress
Meaning: to lower psychological pressure
Usage: Entertainment helps reduce mental stress after busy schedules. Reduced stress improves mental health. For example, listening to music helps reduce mental stress effectively.
15. develop cultural awareness
Meaning: to increase understanding of different cultures
Usage: Films and documentaries help develop cultural awareness. Exposure to other cultures encourages tolerance. For example, international movies develop cultural awareness among viewers.
16. boost emotional well-being
Meaning: to improve emotional health
Usage: Positive entertainment can boost emotional well-being. Emotional balance is essential for a healthy life. For example, spending time on enjoyable hobbies boosts emotional well-being.
Fashion and Design
16 ta Verb + Noun Collocations
design clothes
-- kiyimlar dizaynini yaratmoq
wear fashionable clothes
-- zamonaviy kiyimlar kiy moq
express personal style
-- shaxsiy uslubni ifodalamoq
influence consumer choices
-- iste’molchi tanloviga ta’sir ko‘rsatmoq
create unique designs
-- noyob dizaynlar yaratmoq
promote sustainable fashion
-- barqaror modani targ‘ib qilmoq
produce clothing items
-- kiyim-kechak mahsulotlarini ishlab chiqarmoq
buy designer brands
-- dizayner brendlarini sotib olmoq
set fashion standards
-- moda standartlarini belgilamoq
reflect cultural identity
-- madaniy o‘zlikni aks ettirmoq
improve product appearance
-- mahsulot ko‘rinishini yaxshilamoq
reduce textile waste
-- to‘qimachilik chiqindilarini kamaytirmoq
influence social image
-- ijtimoiy imijga ta’sir qilmoq
adopt modern designs
-- zamonaviy dizaynlarni qabul qilmoq
develop design skills
-- dizayn ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirmoq
follow fashion trends
-- moda trendlariga amal qilmoq
Meaning + Extended Usage
1. follow fashion trends
Meaning: to wear or use styles that are popular at a particular time
Usage: Many people choose to follow fashion trends in order to look modern and confident. Fashion trends often influence how individuals are perceived in society. For example, young adults follow fashion trends to fit in with their peers and feel accepted.
2. design clothes
Meaning: to create clothing styles and patterns
Usage: Professional designers design clothes to meet the needs of different customers. Good design combines creativity and practicality. For example, famous fashion houses design clothes that are both stylish and comfortable.
3. wear fashionable clothes
Meaning: to wear modern and stylish clothing
Usage: Many people prefer to wear fashionable clothes because appearance affects first impressions. Clothing choices often reflect confidence and personality. For example, office workers wear fashionable clothes to look professional.
4. express personal style
Meaning: to show individuality through clothing and design
Usage: Fashion allows individuals to express personal style. Personal style reflects taste, identity, and creativity. For example, some people express personal style through colours and accessories.
5. influence consumer choices
Meaning: to affect what people decide to buy
Usage: Advertising and fashion brands influence consumer choices strongly. Visual design and branding play a key role in purchasing decisions. For example, social media influencers influence consumer choices by promoting brands.
6. create unique designs
Meaning: to produce original and different designs
Usage: Designers aim to create unique designs to stand out in the market. Originality increases brand value and popularity. For example, luxury brands create unique designs to attract customers.
7. promote sustainable fashion
Meaning: to encourage environmentally friendly clothing practices
Usage: Many organisations promote sustainable fashion to protect the environment. Sustainable fashion reduces waste and pollution. For example, eco-friendly brands promote sustainable fashion by using recycled materials.
8. produce clothing items
Meaning: to manufacture clothes
Usage: Factories produce clothing items for local and international markets. Mass production makes fashion affordable. For example, large companies produce clothing items on a large scale.
9. buy designer brands
Meaning: to purchase clothes from famous designers
Usage: Some consumers buy designer brands to show social status. Designer brands are often associated with quality and prestige. For example, wealthy customers buy designer brands for special occasions.
10. set fashion standards
Meaning: to establish rules or expectations in fashion
Usage: Major fashion houses set fashion standards worldwide. These standards influence global trends. For example, Paris Fashion Week sets fashion standards every year.
11. reflect cultural identity
Meaning: to show cultural background through design
Usage: Traditional clothing can reflect cultural identity. Fashion often carries historical and cultural meaning. For example, national costumes reflect cultural identity in many countries.
12. improve product appearance
Meaning: to make a product look better
Usage: Designers work to improve product appearance to attract buyers. Visual appeal strongly affects sales. For example, good packaging improves product appearance and increases demand.
13. reduce textile waste
Meaning: to decrease waste from clothing production
Usage: Governments and brands should reduce textile waste to protect the environment. Textile waste causes serious pollution. For example, recycling clothes helps reduce textile waste.
14. influence social image
Meaning: to affect how people are seen in society
Usage: Fashion can influence social image significantly. Clothing choices shape public perception. For example, formal clothing influences social image in professional settings.
15. adopt modern designs
Meaning: to start using new design styles
Usage: Companies often adopt modern designs to stay competitive. Modern designs attract younger customers. For example, brands adopt modern designs to refresh their image.
16. develop design skills
Meaning: to improve abilities related to design
Usage: Students study art and fashion to develop design skills. Strong skills lead to better career opportunities. For example, practice and training help develop design skills.
Work and Business
16 ta Verb + Noun Collocations
find a job
-- ish topmoq
apply for a position
-- lavozimga ariza bermoq
earn a salary
-- maosh topmoq
gain work experience
-- ish tajribasini orttirmoq
manage a team
-- jamoani boshqarmoq
meet deadlines
-- belgilangan muddatlarga ulgirmoq
run a business
-- biznes yuritmoq
increase productivity
-- mahsuldorlikni oshirmoq
make business decisions
-- biznes qarorlar qabul qilmoq
achieve career goals
-- kasbiy maqsadlarga erishmoq
improve working conditions
-- ish sharoitlarini yaxshilamoq
work overtime
-- qo‘shimcha ishlamoq
maintain work-life balance
-- ish va hayot muvozanatini saqlamoq
expand business operations
-- biznes faoliyatini kengaytirmoq
increase profits
-- foydani oshirmoq
develop professional skills
-- kasbiy ko‘nikmalarni rivojlantirmoq
Usage
1. find a job
Meaning: to get employment
Usage: Many young people try to find a job after completing their education in order to become financially independent. Having a stable job not only provides income but also gives individuals a sense of responsibility and purpose. For example, university graduates often find a job related to their field to start building a professional career.
2. apply for a position
Meaning: to formally request a job
Usage: In today’s competitive job market, candidates must apply for a position carefully and professionally. A strong CV and cover letter significantly increase the chances of success. For example, job seekers usually apply for a position online through company websites or recruitment platforms.
3. earn a salary
Meaning: to receive regular payment for work
Usage: Employees work hard to earn a salary that allows them to cover daily expenses and support their families. A stable salary improves living standards and reduces financial stress. For example, office workers earn a salary at the end of each month to pay for rent and bills.
4. gain work experience
Meaning: to obtain practical job experience
Usage: Young people need to gain work experience to become competitive in the labour market. Experience helps individuals develop practical skills that cannot be learned from textbooks alone. For example, internships allow students to gain work experience before entering full-time employment.
5. manage a team
Meaning: to lead and organise a group of workers
Usage: Managers must manage a team effectively to achieve company goals. Good management improves motivation, cooperation, and productivity among employees. For example, successful leaders manage a team by communicating clearly and supporting their staff.
6. meet deadlines
Meaning: to finish tasks on time
Usage: Employees are expected to meet deadlines in professional environments. Meeting deadlines shows responsibility and professionalism, while missing them can harm a company’s reputation. For example, project managers must meet deadlines to keep clients satisfied.
7. run a business
Meaning: to own or control a company
Usage: Many entrepreneurs choose to run a business to achieve financial independence. Running a business requires planning, risk-taking, and strong decision-making skills. For example, small business owners run a business to provide services in their local communities.
8. increase productivity
Meaning: to produce more work in less time
Usage: Companies aim to increase productivity to remain competitive in the global market. Higher productivity leads to higher profits and economic growth. For example, using modern technology helps increase productivity in offices and factories.
9. make business decisions
Meaning: to choose actions related to company operations
Usage: Managers must make business decisions carefully because poor decisions can lead to financial losses. Effective decision-making is based on data, experience, and market research. For example, company leaders make business decisions when launching new products.
10. achieve career goals
Meaning: to reach professional ambitions
Usage: Most professionals work hard to achieve career goals such as promotion or leadership positions. Clear goals provide motivation and long-term direction. For example, employees achieve career goals through continuous learning and dedication.
11. improve working conditions
Meaning: to make the workplace safer and more comfortable
Usage: Companies should improve working conditions to protect employees’ health and well-being. Better conditions increase job satisfaction and reduce staff turnover. For example, flexible working hours help improve working conditions.
12. work overtime
Meaning: to work extra hours beyond normal time
Usage: Some employees work overtime to meet deadlines or increase their income. However, excessive overtime can cause stress and burnout. For example, factory workers often work overtime during busy seasons.
13. maintain work-life balance
Meaning: to balance professional and personal life
Usage: Workers must maintain work-life balance to protect their mental health. A good balance improves productivity and overall happiness. For example, companies that offer remote work help employees maintain work-life balance.
14. expand business operations
Meaning: to grow business activities
Usage: Successful companies aim to expand business operations to reach new markets. Expansion creates jobs and increases profits. For example, international brands expand business operations by opening branches abroad.
15. increase profits
Meaning: to earn more money
Usage: Businesses try to increase profits by improving efficiency and attracting more customers. Higher profits allow companies to invest in growth. For example, companies increase profits by reducing costs and improving services.
16. develop professional skills
Meaning: to improve job-related abilities
Usage: Employees should continuously develop professional skills to remain competitive. Skill development leads to career advancement and better job opportunities. For example, training programmes help workers develop professional skills.